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A technique for producing monoclonal antibodies was innovated by Milstein and Kohler, who in 1984 received the Nobel Prize for their work. In this technique, B-lymphocytes (which are the antibody producing cells of the body in mammals; importantly, each B-lymphocyte produces a single mono-specific antibody in response in to the target antigen) are isolated from the spleen of a mouse immunized with a specific target antigen, and subsequently each lymphocyte is fused with a myeloma cell. The resulting hybrid cell retains the cellular longevity of a cancer cell while continually producing that lymphocyte’s mono-specific antibody. This technology has become the predominant industrial application for developing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics. |
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